Wakan-Taka: The Great Spirit

Black Elk
Black Elk, Oglala Sioux and Spiritual Leader
(1863 - 1950)
"The first peace, which is the most important, is that which comes within the souls of people when they realize their relationship, their oneness, with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the universe dwells Wakan-Taka (the Great Spirit), and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us. This is the real peace, and the others are but reflections of this. The second peace is that which is made between two individuals, and the third is that which is made between two nations. But above all you should understand that there can never be peace between nations until there is known that true peace, which, as I have often said, is within the souls of men."


The Divine Feminine in the Native Tradition
Promise of White Buffalo Calf Woman

3rd Rare White Buffalo Born on Wisconsin Farm
Fri Nov 23 14:19:00 2007

Many gems of wisdom are contained in the ancient traditions of the Native Peoples. "They believe that all living and non-living things come from the Creator and are, therefore, connected. Native beliefs stress that it is important to maintain a balance among all things in nature and to maintain the balance, people must treat one another, plants, animals, and the land with respect. Native People show respect by offering thanks for the gifts that they receive from nature with prayers, songs, dances and offerings. They also work to maintain balance within their nations, communities and families by valuing one another's roles. Elders have always been valued for their wisdom.[1]

Great reverence for Great Spirit, Father Sky and Great Spirit Mother, Mother Earth, is at the heart of all Native Traditions. "When men and women arose in the morning they thanked the Master of Life that they were alive for another day."[2] In the words of Emily Benedek, Unte Reader, "The Navajos are a deeply religious people. They do not set aside Saturday or Sundays to tend to spiritual matters, but attend to them full time."

White Deer of Autumn states in 'The Native American Book of Life,' that Indian children were taught that Sky is Father and Earth is Mother and that the Great Mystery is neither male nor female, but aspects of both. Sky and Earth - one cannot flourish without the other. Each has a separate role, but each is equal to the other.[3]

Flat Iron, an Oglala Sioux Chief said, "From Wakan Tanka, the Great Mystery, comes all power. It is from Wakan Tanka that the holy man has wisdom and the power to heal and make holy charms. Man knows that all healing plants are given by Wakan Tanka, therefore they are holy. So too is the buffalo holy, because it is the gift of Wakan Tanka."[4]

The belief in the sacred circle as expressed by Black Elk also connects to the Great Spirit: "You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round...The Sky is round, and I have heard the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. The wind, in its greatest power, whirls. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours."[5]

According to Paula Gunn Allen, the American Indian writer and mystic, the Native Americans' deep awareness of the connection to Mother Earth is the basic insight from which their spirituality emanates. She writes:

"We are the land. To the best of my understanding, that is the fundamental idea that permeates American Indian life; the land (Mother) and the people (mothers) are the same. As Luther Standing Bear has said of his Lakota people, `We are of the soil and the soil is of us.' The earth is the source and being of the people and we are equally the being of the earth. The land is not really a place separate from ourselves, where we act out the drama of our isolate destinies. . . The earth is not mere source of survival, distant from the creatures it nourishes and from the spirit that breathes in us, nor is it to be considered an inert resource on which we draw in order to keep our ideological self functioning. . . Rather for the American Indians . . . the earth is being, as all creatures are also being: aware, palpable, intelligent, alive." [6]

In archaeologist Marija Gimbuta's comments on various symbolic forms taken by the Mother Goddess in ancient times, she observes that, "The Mother Goddess takes many forms whether in her appearance as human female or in such diverse forms as a water bird, snake, owl, toad, bear (and probably as she-bison in the Upper Paleolithic)."[7]

Indeed, it is in the initial form of 'she-bison' that one particularly awesome, significant gem of wisdom concerning the appearance to the Lakota Sioux 2000 years ago in the sacred Black Hills of South Dakota of White Buffalo Calf Woman, was immortalized through Native oral tradition. With that brief, powerful four-day incarnation many centuries ago, White Buffalo Calf Woman taught the people of the land many sacred things such as the 'right way to pray, the right words and the right gestures', or the highly spiritually relevant seven sacred ceremonies.

Through the vehicle of stories, music, dance, art, sacred symbols and ceremonies, the dharma or righteousness of the Native Peoples would be enhanced, thereby resulting in the spiritual manifestation of such dharmic qualities as love, joy, peace, pure relationships and profound inner awareness of the Great Mystery: Father Sky/Great Spirit, and Mother Earth/Great Spirit Mother. The story of White Buffalo Calf Woman prominently featured the promise of her eventual reappearance, with the birth of a white buffalo calf heralding her imminent return for the express purpose of bringing about spiritual harmony and balance in the world.

Following is the Lakota prophecy about the spiritual significance of the arrival, in 1994, of the white buffalo calf, Miracle, in Janesville, USA:

White Buffalo Calf Woman Brings The First Pipe
As told by: Joseph Chasing Horse

"We Lakota people have a prophecy about the white buffalo calf. How that prophecy originated was that we have a sacred bundle, a sacred peace pipe, that was brought to us about 2,000 years ago by what we know as the White Buffalo Calf Woman.

The story goes that she appeared to two warriors at that time. These two warriors were out hunting buffalo, hunting for food in the sacred Black Hills of South Dakota, and they saw a big body coming toward them. And they saw that it was a white buffalo calf. As it came closer to them, it turned into a beautiful young Indian girl.

That time one of the warriors thought bad in his mind, and so the young girl told him to step forward. And when he did step forward, a black cloud came over his body, and when the black cloud disappeared, the warrior who had bad thoughts was left with no flesh or blood on his bones. The other warrior kneeled and began to pray.

And when he prayed, the white buffalo calf who was now an Indian girl, told him to go back to his people and warn them that in four days she was going to bring a sacred bundle.

So the warrior did as he was told. He went back to his people and he gathered all the elders and all the leaders and all the people in a circle and told them what she had instructed him to do. And sure enough, just as she said she would, on the fourth day she came.

They say a cloud came down from the sky, and off of the cloud stepped the white buffalo calf. As it rolled onto the earth, the calf stood up and became this beautiful young woman who was carrying the sacred bundle in her hand.

As she entered into the circle of the nation, she sang a sacred song and took the sacred bundle to the people who were there to take it from her. She spent four days among our people and taught them about the sacred bundle, the meaning of it.

She taught them seven sacred ceremonies.

One of them was the sweat lodge, or the purification ceremony. One of them was the naming ceremony, child naming. The third was the healing ceremony. The fourth one was the making of relatives or the adoption ceremony. The fifth one was the marriage ceremony. The sixth was the vision quest. And the seventh was the sundance ceremony, the people's ceremony for all of the nation.

She brought us these seven sacred ceremonies and taught our people the songs and the traditional ways. And she instructed our people that as long as we performed these ceremonies we would always remain caretakers and guardians of sacred land. She told us that as long as we took care of it and respected it that our people would never die and would always live.

When she was done teaching all our people, she left the way she came. She went out of the circle, and as she was leaving she turned and told our people that she would return one day for the sacred bundle. And she left the sacred bundle, which we still have to this very day.

The sacred bundle is known as the White Buffalo Calf Pipe because it was brought by the White Buffalo Calf Woman. It is kept in a sacred place (Green Grass) on the Cheyenne River Indian reservation in South Dakota. It's kept by a man who is known as the keeper of the White Buffalo Calf Pipe, Arvol Looking Horse. When White Buffalo Calf Woman promised to return again, she made some prophecies at that time.

One of those prophesies was that the birth of a white buffalo calf would be a sign that it would be near the time when she would return again to purify the world. What she meant by that was that she would bring back harmony again and balance, spiritually."

"Comparable to the second coming of Christ in Anglo culture, Brown Bear said the white buffalo calf should not only be a symbol for Native Americans, but for all people.

"Look around. There is much dissent in the world today. Mother Earth cannot tolerate all of the dissent. This is a time of preparation. This is a time to decide which road to take. This is time to heal the anguish of Mother Earth. This is a time to look within yourself for goodness and the goodness within others,'' he added.

While all cultures have religious beliefs that are similar, Brown Bear said Native American beliefs follow the basic path of all religions ' love yourself, love others."

Neal White, Beloit Daily News (Sep. 2, 1994.)

"Honoring a vision from the past, they came from the Plains with a message of things to come.

The message, delivered by the Chief of the Lakota Sioux Nation, was presented Thursday afternoon at the Heider farm in Janesville ' birthplace of the white buffalo.

"On this island called America, it was first forecast by Chief Crazy Horse that one day all men would gather under the sacred tree of life, with one understanding,'' said Chief Joseph Chasing Horse, of Pine Ridge, S.D. Chasing Horse, accompanied by small group of family members and Lakota elders, gathered everyone in a circle to perform the religious ceremony, formally outlawed by the U.S. government.

Until the Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978, Chasing Horse said it was against the law to hold publicly gatherings such as this one in order to share his native heritage.

During the event, the Lakota chief shared several stories that have been passed on from one generation to the next. He spoke about the White Buffalo Calf Woman, who first brought the sacred pipe to the Lakota people. He told of the prophecies predicting severe hardships on Native Americans, and the prediction that one day his people would again rise to prominence. He also shared the prophecy that soon, all mankind will live in harmony with the Earth.

The first sign of those predictions coming to pass, he said, was the birth of the white buffalo.

"We have been waiting for her return. It is the signal of the time for things to come," Chasing Horse said, adding the message mankind needs to heed now is to restore balance and harmony to the Earth."

Neal White, Beloit Daily News (Oct. 21, 1994.)

Ancient prophecies for modern times

"Although history has depicted native cultures as primitive and sometimes barbaric, in our own day a much richer picture is emerging. French author Pierre Honore minutely examined the original journals of the conquerors. There he found records of what they encountered in the New World ' huge cities with urban populations well-versed in the arts and sciences, following finely ordered systems of law. Archeological excavations of modern times have verified these accounts, unearthing sophisticated cities and pyramids that rival those of Egypt.

Most importantly the native peoples themselves are stepping forward, revealing traditions and sacred knowledge they took underground 500 years ago when the conquerors came. They speak now because they understand the import of the present times. Their sacred sciences tell them the world is at a turning point, that its choices today will determine the future course of civilization. Their prophecies have instructed them to travel out into the world and tell us of the dangers we face. These voices are important for us to hear because they speak from hearts that have tried to remain true to their sacred teachings ' to live in the way of brotherhood and simplicity, establishing harmony with one another and with all living things. This is what they say:

We are entering a time of purification and can expect to witness chaos and destruction in all the kingdoms of nature. It is a time for the reuniting of the races. Barriers of religion and nationality will begin to fall as all people realize their essential unity. We must heal the damage done to Mother Earth, the source of life, and recognize that all living things are endowed with spirit. In the coming times we will see the return of one or more Great Teachers who will guide us into the future.

In his book The Return of the Bahana, Robert Boissiere discusses the widely held belief among native peoples in the imminent return of a savior figure, and claims that it in no way differs from the Christian belief in a second coming. In the legendary history of many tribes there is a story of a teacher similar to Jesus who taught the spiritual mysteries and an ethical way of life. When he left, they say, he promised to return at a time when the Earth would be in great turmoil, to guide humanity into the future. He is best known by the names of Quetzalcoatl and Kukulcan.

North America

Thomas Banyacya has traveled the world for almost 50 years speaking about the prophecies of his tribe, the Hopi. For centuries the Hopi have lived in one of the harshest environments of the US ' perched on a desert mesa in Arizona. Their ancestors chose such a place to settle because they knew it would keep their people close to the creator. They continually reaffirm their reliance on God by an annual series of rituals asking the spirits to supply their every need.

In 1948 a group of Hopi elders accepted the task of warning the world of the events that the Hopi prophecies foretold. The prophecies themselves instructed them to approach the UN. It took 44 years of effort, but in 1992 they were finally permitted to address the General Assembly (SI December 93, p.17). This beginning led to another gathering at the UN in 1993, called the "Cry of the Earth Conference", when leaders from seven nations released their prophecies. Hopi prophecies speak of the return of Bahana, their True White Brother, who left them in ancient times, promising to return. They wear their hair in bangs to form a window, they say, by which to see their Elder Brother when He returns. It is also an identifying mark for the Elder Brother to recognize them.

Black Elk and Crazy Horse were leaders of the Lakota Sioux in the late 1800s, a period which saw in the US the decimation of many native groups. Each had a vision of the future.

Black Elk saw that his people would be plagued by famine and sickness and war. They would lose heart and the sacred hoop of his nation would be broken. But he saw a vision of his own nation being reunited after seven generations and becoming part of the greater hoop of all the nations of the earth. Then he saw the daybreak star rising in the east, and heard a voice that said: "It shall be a relative to them, and who shall see it shall see much more, for from there comes Wisdom; and those who do not see it shall be dark." Black Elk thought this meant that a great Prophet from the East would bring a message to his people.

Crazy Horse's vision foretold the darkness that descended on his people. He saw the coming of automobiles and airplanes and the tragic world wars of the modern era. He saw his people gradually awakening after the last war and beginning to dance again under the Sacred Tree. Then amazingly he saw that dancing along with his people were representatives of all races who had become brothers. Thus he foresaw that the world would be made whole again, not just by his own nation but by all peoples working together.

Among the Lakota, the Crow, the Chippewa and other Native American tribes, the White Buffalo is one of the most sacred symbols. It represents purity, sacrifice and a sign that prophecy is being fulfilled. The Messiah honored by the Lakota Sioux is the White Buffalo Calf Woman who brought the Sacred Pipe and established the foundation of their ritual and social life. When she left, she turned into a white buffalo, and promised some day to return. In 1994 a white buffalo calf was born in Wisconsin; in 1996 another was born in South Dakota. For the native peoples these births have been a sign to "mend the hoop" of the nations, to establish brotherhood within the family of man, and return to a spiritual way of life. (SI) Sept. 96, p.14)

Jake Swamp of the Mohawk nation tells of the Peacemaker, Deganawida, who unified the tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy. The Peacemaker foresaw the turmoil and destruction that would destroy the lives and culture of the Confederacy tribes. But he also saw a time beyond when there would come a great Prophet who would be a World Uniter. He would come in the same spirit as other prophets before Him but would renew the spirit of man in a way more worldwide and all- embracing than ever before in history....

Australia and New Zealand

Among the Australian aboriginals it is believed that each tribe has a responsibility to take care of one part of the environment. They believe that underground minerals are a vital part of the earth's energy grid and are greatly concerned about the excessive mining in modern times, particularly of uranium. In 1975 the elders met in Canberra, drawing together over 350 Aboriginal people. They gave a warning of cataclysms to come and told the people to go out and teach their knowledge to the world, to prepare it for a future time when we would go back to our beginnings ' when all cultures will exist as one.

The Waitaha nation claims the most ancient lineage in New Zealand. When the nation was broken up by warriors from the Pacific the elders concealed 1,000 years of their generational history and wisdom teachings, passing the knowledge on through only a tiny number of people in each generation. In 1990 the elders saw in the heavens a configuration that was a sign for them to release their sacred knowledge. A book, The Song of Waitaha by Barry Brailsford, contains these teachings. In their language wai means water and taha means gourd, implying the idea of a water carrier, the sign of Aquarius.

South America

The Kogi are a pre-Columbian tribe who live an isolated existence in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia. They are one of the few who escaped the destruction of the Europeans and still live their lives in accordance with their ancient spiritual heritage. Alarmed by the excessive mining and deforestation of modern times, in 1990 (for the one and only time) they allowed a BBC television film crew to visit them and document their lives. Calling themselves "The Elder Brothers", they wished to issue an urgent warning to the "younger brothers." High in their mountain lands, they see that the earth is drying up, the sources of water that should give sustenance to the plains below are no longer vital. They warn us that the earth is dying and, "When the Earth dies we will all die."

Willaru Huarta grew up in the jungles of Peru, studying with the shamans. He says that his native Quechua Incan prophecies predicted the white man's coming would bring 500 years of materialism and imbalance. But now they say that era is coming to an end and the Age of Aquarius will "signal the return of Light to the planet and the dawn of a golden era. We live in a time of the fulfillment of prophecy." Now he tours the world teaching his simple message: "Humanity should cure itself and give help to the poor. Regenerate yourself with light, and then help those who have poverty of the soul. Return to the inner spirit, which we have abandoned while looking elsewhere for happiness."

The Q'ero are another Peruvian group that are releasing prophecy, traveling to the industrialized nations to hold ceremonies and share their vision of the future. (SI) Jan./Feb. 97, pp. 8-9)

Mayan Prophecy

Hunbatz Men tells of an ancient confederation of Native American elders made up of representatives from Nicaragua to the Arctic Circle. They have been meeting for thousands of years and continue to do so today. Before the Spaniards came the confederation decided to hide the Mayan teachings, entrusting certain families with their care. Hunbatz Men is an inheritor of that lineage. In his book Secrets of Mayan Science/ Religion, he reveals teachings that mirror the Hindu and Buddhist ones of astrology, meditation, and the septenary root of creation.

He speaks of Kukulcan and Quetzalcoatl, not so much in light of an expected return, but rather in terms of the possibility that each of us can attain the same exalted stage by treading the path of attaining knowledge. "To be Quetzalcoatl or Kukulcan is to know the seven forces that govern our body ' not only know them but also use them and understand their intimate relationship with natural and cosmic laws. We must comprehend the long and short cycles and the solar laws that sustain our lives. We must know how to die, and how to be born."

Don Alejandro Oxlaj is a seventh generation priest from Guatemala and head of the Quiche Maya Elder Council. He has traveled throughout North America, comparing the native prophecies of different tribes. In the coming year he hopes to record and publish, for the first time in 500 years, the Mayan prophecies of his people. (SI Dec. 96, p. 21)

What is enlightening in all of these statements is their consistent tone of reconciliation. The native groups are opening their doors to people of every color, speaking of themselves as Rainbow Warriors. Their elders have reminded them to "remember the original instructions" when each tribe was given by the creator a mandate to follow. That mandate has told them that now is the time to heal the past, despite the centuries of pain and persecution. Now is the time to join together and work in harmony to rehabilitate the planet and establish an era of alignment and peace." [8]

Temple of Kukulkan (Serpent)

Could the ancient Native Peoples have known about Kundalini Awakening? The presence of the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio, USA and the Temple of Kukulkan in Chichen Itza, Mexico, certainly suggest a resounding "Yes"!

Temple of Kukulkan
Temple of Kukulkan
"In the heart of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula at the Mayan-Toltec site's towering El Castillo Pyramid, some 8000 modern-day pilgrims gathered to catch a glimpse of the Feathered Serpent, as Quetzalcoatle's undulating, snakelike image appeared on the side of the pyramid's nine-tiered northern staircase. There was a collective gasp from the crowd, then hoots and hollers, music and prayer. At that moment, in a fleeting second of cosmic kismet, I felt a tenuous connection to the world, to the ages, to my past, my present and my future," writes Greg Benchwick, Lonely Planet.

"Quetzalcoatl taught the ancients all the necessary skills to advance their civilization, from mathematics and science to agriculture and astronomy, as well as the famous Mayan calendrical formulae which predicts the end of the world to be December 21st 2012. He taught the people to live in peace and then moved on disappearing across the sea, but he promised he would someday return.

The name Quetzalcoatl (ket-tsul'kwot-ul) means "plumed or feathered serpent". We must certainly then mention the great ancient city of Chichen Itza on Yucatan peninsula in Mexico. There, twice a year, an amazing spectacle related to the feathered serpent god takes place:

"The Temple of Kukulkan (the Feathered Serpent God, also known as Quetzalcoatl) is the largest and most important ceremonial structure at Chichen Itza. This ninety-foot tall pyramid was built during the eleventh to thirteenth centuries directly upon the multiple foundations of previous temples. The pyramid is a store-house of information on the Mayan calendar...The northern stairway was the principal sacred path leading to the summit. At sunset on the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, an interplay between the sun's light and the edges of the stepped terraces on the pyramid creates a fascinating - and very brief - shadow display upon the sides of the northern stairway. A serrated line of seven interlocking triangles (chakras) gives the impression of a long tail leading downward to the stone head of the serpent Kukulkan (Kundalini), at the base of the stairway." (Linda Casselman)

So then, on these two very important dates, the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, it appears that Quetzalcoatl is indeed present among his people as the shadow of the serpent moves along the steps of the Pyramid of Kulkulkan.

The Serpent Mound
Serpent Mound and associated
constellations-Draco and the Little
Dipper.
Great Serpent Mound

'One of the most spectacular earthworks is located near present-day Cincinnati, Ohio, and is known as the Great Serpent Mound. As its name describes, the Great Serpent Mound is built in the shape of a colossal serpent or snake, with an egg in its mouth. Built along a hilltop overlooking a stream, its coiled body stretches over twelve hundred feet (366 m), and is thirty feet (9 m) wide and five feet (1.5m) high. The outline of the serpent was made using small stones and pieces of clay as markers. Then the ancient builders piled baskets full of clay over the markers to create the giant earthwork. The purpose of Great Serpent Mound remains a mystery. Some scholars note that curves in the snake's body align with certain stars and suggest that the mound may have been built to honor or study the night skies."[9]

The Serpent Mound
The Serpent Mound
"The Great Serpent Mound has been classified with a large collection of North American prehistoric earthen mounds extending from the East Coast to the Mississippi and beyond. This particular work, however, is distinguished from the countless other mounds and earthen structures throughout the eastern United States in that its design can be dated to a period about 5,000 years ago. Only Watson Brake, a group of mounds in Louisiana discovered in the last decade of the twentieth century, can rival its antiquity. But to my knowledge, nothing in the Americas compares with the Serpent Mound in terms of the precise astronomic, arithmetic, geometric, and spiritual knowledge it embodies... Whatever its origin, properly understood, the symbolism of the stellar serpent contained in the Great serpent Mound may be viewed as a golden thread running through all the great religious systems of the world and potentially functioning as a key to their secrets. The serpent image itself is a compacted seed of light, a bearer of all knowledge. Like the worm of the mythical phoenix, the shape is which is familiar yet forgotten, the Great Serpent's destiny is to be recognized as a harbinger of light, ultimately to be reinstated to its true fullness of form, dominating the landscape and politics of the human race. It would be the first of the apocalyptic 'seals' to be opened, aptly called the Great Seal.; these auguring a time when peace and prosperity will once again rule the Earth." (Ross Mamilton, The Mystery of the Serpent Mound: In Search of the Alphabet of the Gods)

That extraordinary, ancient, archaeological site in Ohio, USA, believed to have been built by American Indians, is an earthen structure alluding to Kundalini awakening, which gives the seeker the Second Birth spoken of by Shri Jesus Christ and referred to in all other religions. The egg placed within the mouth of the Serpent/Kundalini is the symbol for a 'dwija', the Sanskrit term for 'twice born'. With the coming of Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi, this spiritual awakening has become available en-mass to those seeking their Salvation, Moksha, Mukti, Enlightenment in this time of Last Judgment/Resurrection.

The Great Adi Shakti Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi
Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi
'But today it is the day I declare I am the One who have to save the humanity. I declare I am the One who is Adi Shakti, who is the Mother of all Mothers, who is the Primordial Mother, the Shakti (Divine Primordial Power) of the Desire of God, who has incarnated on this Earth to give meaning to itself, to this Creation, to human beings, and I am sure that through My Love and Patience and My Powers I am going to achieve it.

I was the One who was born again and again. But now I have come in My complete Form and with complete Powers. I have come on this Earth not only for salvation of human beings, not only for their emancipation, but for granting them the Kingdom of Heaven, the Joy, the Bliss that your Father wants to bestow upon you."

Shri Purantana Devi (801st: Purantana: Primordial or Ancient)

References: [1]Walker, Niki. Native North American Wisdom and Gifts/Niki Walker&Bobby Kalman. New York, NY10118.Crabtree Publishing Company,2006. ISBN-13:978-0-7787-0384-6(rlb)p.7
[2]White Deer of Autumn.The Native American Book of Life. Hillsboro, Oregon. Beyond Words Publishing Inc. 1992 ISBN 0-941831-43-4 (v.2)p.30
[3]Bial, Raymond.THE IROQUOIS/Raymond Bial. Tarrytown, New York 10591-9001. Benchmark Books, Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1999. ISBN: 0-7614-0802-9 (lib.bdg) p.80
[4]Bial, Raymond. The Sioux/Raymond Bial. Tarrytown, New York 10591-9001. Benchmark Books, Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1999. ISBN: 0-7614-0804-5 p.66
[5]Bial, Raymond. The Sioux/Raymond Bial. Tarrytown, New York 10591-9001. Benchmark Books, Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1999. ISBN: 0-7614-0804-5 p.77
[6] Christ, Carol P.Rebirth of the Goddess:Finding Meaning in Feminist Spirituality. New York, NY 10001. Routledge,1997. ISBN: 0- 415-92186-4 pp. 114,115
[7]Gimbuta, Marija. The "Monstrous Venus" of Prehistory , Divine Creatrix. In All Her Names: Explorations of the Feminine in Divinity / edited by Joseph Campbell and Charles Muses, HarperSanFrancisco, a Division of HarperCollinsPublishers, 1991. pp. 25,26,42, ISBN: 0-06-250629-3
[8] Bette Stockbauer, www.bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/ancient.htm
[9] Sita, Lisa. Indians of the Northeast: Traditions, History, Legends, and Life.Milwaukee, WI 53212 USA. Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2000. p21, ISBN 0-8368-2646-9 (lib.bdg)



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"Now, the principle of Mother is in every, every scripture - has to be there." Shri Mataji, Radio Interview 1983 Oct 01, Santa Cruz, USA




EDITOR'S CHOICE ARTICLES

' "I was the White Buffalo Calf Woman".
' Native Mother and her spiritual influence
' Individual Journey
' The Corn Spirit
' Respect for Mother Earth
' Corn Mother creation story
' The Gift of the Great Spirit
' It Was The Wind That Gave Them Life
' I seek strength... to fight my greatest enemy
' Hoop Dance, Experiences at Native Pow Wow
' Chief Seattle ...a plea to cherish Mother Earth
' Naming Ceremony
' Why our children should have Indian names
' Holy Wind: In the skin at the tips of our fingers
' Creative Handiwork
' Egg Symbology in Creation
' Arvol Looking Horse: Letters to the People
' Significance of the Eagle, Feather, Native Headdress
' "After all we are all human beings created by one God"
' Overnight they gave up their drugs, their alcoholism
' Peacemaker: I come with good tidings from Chief of the Sky
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' The Divine Feminine: The Great Mother
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' Peacemaker and the Tree of Peace
' The Great Law of Peace
' "And I will show..signs in the earth beneath;" Acts 2:19
' UFOs and Extraterrestrials
' A Christ-child is being born in all of us
' The reality, the truth is that this world is One